Skrining Fitokimia dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.)
Keywords:
Green betle leaves, phytochemical screening, total flavonoid content, macerationAbstract
Introduction: Green betle, or scientifically known by its Latin name Piper betle L., is a traditional plant that has been widely utilized by the general public. Its rich content of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and essential oils suggests that this plant possesses numerous pharmacological effects. Ethnopharmacologically, green betle leaves are extensively used for their antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: This study aims to identify the secondary metabolite content present in green betle leaves and determine their total flavonoid content. Methods: Extraction was carried out using a maceration method with 96% ethanol as a solvent for 3 (three) days. The filtrate was evaporated using a rotary evaporator. Phytochemical screening was carried out using reagents and then continued with the determination of total flavonoid levels using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of betle leaves yielded positive results for flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and steroids. The average total flavonoid content of the green betle leaf ethanolic extract was found to be 1.18% quercetin equivalent. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of green betle leaves contains secondary metabolites including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and steroids, with a total flavonoid content of 1.18%.
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