Uji Identifikasi dan Efektivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak n-Heksana Kelopak dan Mahkota Rosella Merah (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Keywords:
Antioksidan; Rosella merah; n-Heksana; DPPH; Spektrofotometri UV-VisAbstract
Introduction: Antioxidants are compounds that can protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Red roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a plant known to possess antioxidant activity capable of inhibiting free radicals that lead to degenerative diseases. It contains flavonoid compounds that act as natural antioxidants.Objective: This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and the components of the n-hexane extract of red roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flowers that function as antioxidants. This study utilized the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay via the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method.Methods: The calyces and petals of red roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) were extracted through maceration using an n-hexane solvent at a ratio of 1:5 (w/v). The obtained extract underwent phytochemical screening through preliminary crude drug (simplisia) testing and thin-layer chromatography (TLC), followed by an antioxidant activity test using DPPH.Results: The calyx and petal extract of red roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) tested positive for flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The IC50 value and the AAI (Antioxidant Activity Index) value obtained were 284.589 ppm and 0.12, respectively.Conclusion: Based on these values, it is concluded that the n-hexane extract of the calyces and petals of the red roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower has weak antioxidant activity.
References
Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) Hasil Pengadukan dan Reflux. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Surabaya. 2013;1(2):1-2.
Mandal S, Yadav S, Nema R. Antioxidants: A Review. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 2009:102-104.
Deena DM, Lakshmil MSA, Kumar AG, Basha JD, Naganjaneyulu. Antioxidant Activity of Sophora interrupta Bedd. International Journal of Phytopharmacology. 2011:43-47.
Cerezo AB, Elyana C, Winterhalter P, Garcia-Parrilla MC, Troncoso AM. Isolation, identification, and antioxidant activity of anthocyanin compounds in Camarosa strawberry. Food Chemistry. 2010;123:574–582.
Patel S. Hibiscus sabdariffa: An ideal yet underexploited candidate for nutraceutical applications. Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition. 2014;4:23-27.
Moeksin R, Ronald SH. Pengaruh Kondisi, Perlakuan dan Berat Sampel terhadap Ekstraksi Antosianin dari Kelopak Bunga Rosella dengan Pelarut Aquadest dan Ethanol. Jurnal Sains dan Matematika (JSM). 2009;16:11-18.
Mardiah FR, Zakaria, Prangdimurti E, Damanik R. Perubahan kandungan kimia sari rosela merah dan ungu hasil pengeringan menggunakan cabinet dryer dan fluidized bed dryer. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian. 2015;25(1):1-7.
Wijaya AG. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi-fraksi Hasil Pemisahan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Kelopak Bunga Rosella Merah (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Dengan Metode Penangkal Radikal DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-Pikrilhidrazil) [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga; 2011.
Atkins PW. Physical Chemistry. 2nd ed. Oxford: ELBS; 1987.
Mohamed BB, Sulaiman AA, Dahab AA. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Sudan, Cultivation and Their Uses. Bull. Environ. Pharmacol. Life Sci. 2012;1(6):48–54.
Harborne JB. Metode Fitokimia. Bandung: Penerbit ITB; 1987.
Moko EM, Purnomo H, Kusnadi J, Ijong FG. Phytochemical content and antioxidant properties of colored and non-colored varieties of rice bran from Minahasa, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. International Food Research Journal. 2014;21(3):1053-1059.
Wagner H, Bladt S. Plant Drug Analysis: A Thin Layer Chromatography. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 1996.
Farnsworth NR. Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Plants. J. Pharm. Sci. 1966;55(3):225-276.
Molyneux P. The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. J. Sci. Technol. 2004;26(2).
Vasic SM, Stefanovic OD, Licina BZ, Radojevic ID, Comic LR. Biological Activities of Extracts from Cultivated Granadilla Passiflora alata. EXCLI Journal. 2012;11.
Nimse BS, Dilipkumar P. Free radicals natural antioxidant and their reaction mechanism. RSC Advances. 2015;5:27986.
Kristanti NK, Nanik SA, Mulyadi T, Bambang K. Buku Ajar Fitokimia. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press; 2008.
