Perlindungan Seni Menghidangkan Makanan dan Karya Turunannya Berbasis Teknologi: Perspektif Hak Cipta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38043/jah.v6i1.4159Keywords:
Seni Menghidangkan Makanan, Hak Cipta, Karya Turunan, TeknologiAbstract
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the categorization of the food plating art as art in the context of copyright protection and the protection of photography and video works upon the food presentation. This article uses normative research method with conceptual, statutory and comparative approaches. The results show that the food plating art cannot be categorized as a work of art that is protected under copyright because the elements of copyright protection that are interrelated to each other have not been fully fulfilled, such as the fixation requirement which is not successfully fulfilled. The food plating art is impermanent because it is easily destroyed and will not exist after being eaten (perishable in nature) because the art is meant to be eaten. Thus, the element of “should be embodied in real form” are very difficult to fulfill. The food plating art cannot yet be considered copyrighted art. However, derivatives of the food plating art in the form of photographic and cinematographic works on the food plating art can be copyrighted as works of Food Art Photography and Food Art Cinematography. Therefore, the creator has exclusive rights in the form of moral rights and economic rights, while the copyright holder can enjoy exclusive rights in the form of economic rights over the photographic and cinematographic works.
Keywords: Food plating art, Copyright, Derivative Work, Technology
Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengkategorian seni menghidangkan makanan sebagai seni dalam konteks perlindungan Hak Cipta serta perlindungannya terhadap karya fotografi dan video terhadap keberadaan hidangan makanan. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seni menghidangkan makanan tidak dapat dikategoritisasikan sebagai karya seni yang dilindungi Hak Cipta karena belum terpenuhinya secara utuh unsur-unsur perlindungan hak cipta yang saling berkaitan satu sama lain, seperti syarat fixation yang tidak terpenuhi. Karya seni menghidangkan makanan sifatnya memang tidak permanen karena mudah dihancurkan dan akan tidak eksis setelah dimakan, karena sifat seni penyajiannya memang untuk dimakan. Dengan demikian, unsur diwujudkan dalam bentuk nyata sangat sulit dipenuhi. Seni menghidangkan makanan belum dapat dianggap sebagai seni yang dilindungi hak cipta. Namun demikian, turunan dari seni menghidangkan makanan tersebut dalam wujud karya fotografi dan sinematografi atas seni menghidangkan makanan dapat dilindungi hak cipta sebagai karya Food Art Photography dan Food art cinematography, sehingga penciptanya memiliki hak ekslusif berupa hak moral dan hak ekonomi, sedangkan pemegang hak cipta dapat menikmati hak eksklusif berupa hak ekonomi atas karya fotografi dan sinematografi tersebut.
Kata kunci:
Seni menghidangkan makanan, Hak Cipta, Karya Turunan, Teknologi
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References
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Prosiding:
Dharmawan, N. K. S., Sarjana, I. M., Kurniawan, I. G. A., & Samsithawrati, P. A. (2023, January). The Existence of Collective Management Organization for Copyrights Protection: Do Its Roles Applicable for Dance Copyright Work?. In 3rd International Conference on Business Law and Local Wisdom in Tourism (ICBLT 2022) (pp. 861-871). Atlantis Press
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Peraturan Perundang-undangan:
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta
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