PROMPT ENGINEERING DAN ETIKA KOMUNIKASI DALAM ERA KECERDASAN BUATAN: TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG

Chairunnisa Widya Priastuty; Mohamad Syahriar Sugandi; Melati Budi Srikandi

doi:10.38043/jids.v9i2.6882

Authors

Chairunnisa Widya Priastuty Telkom University
Mohamad Syahriar Sugandi Telkom University
Melati Budi Srikandi Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38043/jids.v9i2.6882

Keywords:

komunikasi AI, prompt engineering, etika digital, literasi media, disinformasi, representasi

Abstract

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan/artificial intelligent (AI), khususnya large language models l (LLM), telah mengubah cara manusia memproduksi dan menyampaikan pesan dalam berbagai konteks komunikasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana praktik prompt engineering, teknik dalam merancang instruksi kepada AI, berperan dalam pembentukan pesan, serta bagaimana praktik ini berinteraksi dengan isu etika dan nilai komunikasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode tinjauan pustaka sistematis terhadap berbagai jurnal ilmiah yang terbit dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir (2015–2025), mencakup bidang komunikasi, teknologi, dan etika digital. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa prompt engineering tidak hanya menentukan efektivitas teknis respons AI, tetapi juga memiliki implikasi serius terhadap bias representasi, keamanan informasi, dan potensi disinformasi. Selain itu, literasi AI muncul sebagai elemen kunci dalam mengurangi risiko penyalahgunaan teknologi dan memperkuat komunikasi yang etis. Studi ini mengusulkan model konseptual yang menempatkan prompt engineering sebagai titik sentral dalam produksi pesan berbasis AI, dengan etika dan nilai komunikasi sebagai jembatan menuju desain komunikasi yang adil, aman, dan bertanggung jawab. Kesimpulannya, produksi pesan dalam era AI memerlukan pendekatan komunikasi yang reflektif, interdisipliner, dan berbasis nilai. Literasi digital dan pengembangan kebijakan etik perlu diintegrasikan ke dalam praktik komunikasi publik guna memastikan keberlanjutan komunikasi manusia-AI yang inklusif dan etis.

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