Jurnal Ilmiah Telsinas Elektro, Sipil dan Teknik Informasi

Analysis of Accident Risk Assessment on Prof. Muhammad Yamin Road Tegal Regency Using the HIRARC Method

Ari Adrian — 2025-09-09

Prof. Muhammad Yamin Street in Tegal Regency is a primary collector road with a two-lane, two-way undivided configuration, stretching for 2.2 kilometers. This road serves as a connector between sub-districts and is frequently used by the public, especially during school rush hours. The increase in traffic activity in this area creates potential conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians, particularly students. This study aims to identify the level of traffic accident risk along this road segment. The method used is HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control), which allows for a systematic analysis of potential hazards, risk assessment, and control strategies. Survey results indicate that the condition of road markings and traffic signs falls into the moderate-risk category, while physical road damage such as ravelling, cracking, and potholes is classified as extreme risk. Several signs were also found to be covered by vegetation or vandalized. Recommended control measures include repainting road markings, maintaining traffic signs, and repairing pavement damage. These findings are expected to contribute to tangible improvements in road safety and serve as a consideration for policymakers in managing safer and more sustainable road infrastructure.

Optimization Analysis of Protection Coordination in Loop Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Generation Using the Firefly Algorithm and Conventional Methods

Destina Surya Lestari — 2025-09-09

This study evaluates the comparison between conventional methods and the firefly method in the protection coordination of power systems with the addition of Distributed Generators (DG). DG is a crucial component in modern systems that can influence the performance of protection and existing protection coordination. Conventional methods involve relay setting adjustments and fault current coordination, but the addition of DG can significantly alter system characteristics, affecting the performance of conventional methods. This study introduces the firefly method, which utilizes an optimization algorithm inspired by the light-emitting behavior of fireflies to dynamically adjust relay settings, considering system changes due to the addition of DG. The results indicate that the firefly method enhances protection coordination performance by being more adaptive to system changes. Compared to conventional methods, the firefly method provides better responsiveness to dynamic variations in power flow and fault currents. Thus, this study concludes that implementing the firefly method in power system protection coordination with DG integration can improve system reliability and the overall efficiency of DG utilization. This method offers a more adaptive and responsive solution to changes in modern power systems.

Artificial Intelligence and Legal Reform in Developing Countries: Advancing Ethical, Rights-Based, and Accountable Digital Governance

Musawer Hakimi — 2025-09-09

The appreciation and speed of technological development and deployment in artificial intelligence (AI) bring enormous risks and opportunities to the developing world. Developing countries are likely to have less vested systems of regulation which risk ethical liability, legal liability, and social inclusion. This article presents an interdisciplinary legal framework for AI regulation for developing countries for the responsible deployment of AI vis-a-vis innovation relative to fundamental human rights and ethical safeguards. Using a huge trove of scholarly articles, policy documents, and case studies dating from 2017 to 2025 from journals such as Springer, IEEE Access, Wiley, MDPI, and ACM, this research synthesizes interdisciplinary lessons in computer science, law, ethics, and social sciences. The review of the troves of data highlighted important aspects of regulation, risk management, and governance principles towards AI regulations in emerging economies. The model proposed in this paper includes a mandatory assessment process for AI, deal with standards for algorithmic explain ability, autonomous regulatory agencies, sectoral risks, principle of inclusive design, public education in digital literacy, and strong protections for human rights. Developing countries require a rights-based, multi-stakeholder regulatory approach that addresses the technical, ethical, and legal complexities of AI. Implementing such a framework will promote equitable AI innovation while safeguarding human rights and fostering sustainable development.

Maximum Analysis of Human Resource Availability Units in the Construction of the Banjar Wongaya Betan Tabanan Multipurpose Center

Anak Agung Ratu Ritaka Wangsa — 2025-09-09

Human resources are very important in the implementation of construction projects. Improper allocation of human resources can lead to overallocation of human resources, which reduces work productivity. In the time schedule report for the realization of the Banjar Wongaya Betan Multipurpose Hall Development Project in Tabanan Regency, there was a discrepancy between the actual progress and the planned progress, resulting in delays in implementation. Based on these issues, research was conducted to determine the comparison between the maximum unit requirements and availability before and after Resources Leveling was carried out using Microsoft Office Project 2019. Based on the analysis results, it was found that the number of human resources that were initially over-allocated could be optimized after the leveling process was carried out using the resources leveling method with Microsoft Office Project 2019. The total human resource requirements and availability, which were initially 48.26 people and 37 people, became 32.13 people and 37.00 people after leveling, which means that human resources are sufficient for project implementation. The leveling results data can be used as evaluation material and benchmarks for subsequent projects.

Study on Improving Clean Water Distribution System Using the Epanet 2.0 Application in Tiara Regency Housing Limbangan

Mohammad Abidzar Al Afghani — 2025-09-09

Tiara Regency Limbangan Housing is located in Limbangan village, Sukaraja District, Sukabumi Regency. This housing is one of the areas that is growing rapidly. As the number of residents and activities in the area increases, the need for an effective and efficient clean water distribution system is very important. However, the clean water distribution system at Tiara Regency Limbangan Housing is still uneven at several points. This research aims to simulate the clean water distribution system in the Epanet 2.0 application to find out the problems and solutions so that they run optimally. This study uses population data to determine the amount of discharge needed. Water discharge data from the reservoir to determine water availability. Existing data and pipeline details are used to analyze Epanet 2.0 so that the pressure value, and energy loss in each connection and pipeline can be known. The availability of main pipeline water 1 is 444,096 liters/day and the availability of mains pipeline water 2 is 425,952 liters/day. The water demand in main pipeline 1 reaches 321,595 liters/day while the water demand in main pipeline 2 reaches 284,335 liters/day. The results of the existing analysis showed that there were 88 connections with negative pressure at peak usage hours. Optimization is carried out by changing the diameter of the main pipe 1 from 3 inches to 4 inches.

Comparison of the NRECA and FJ Mock Methods for Raw Water Availability on a Very Small Island, Karimunjawa

Nurul Azka Azkiya — 2025-09-09

Karimunjawa Island, as one of the very small islands in Indonesia, faces serious challenges in meeting raw water needs due to limited surface water resources and high evaporation rates. Evaluating water availability is essential to support the needs of the local population and the tourism sector. This study aims to compare two methods of estimating raw water availability, namely the NRECA and FJ Mock methods, using data on rainfall, climatology, hydrology, geography, topography, population, vegetation, evapotranspiration, and infiltration. The analysis results show that the NRECA method produces a maximum discharge of 0.726 m³/s in January and a minimum discharge of 0.000 m³/s in August. Meanwhile, the FJ Mock method yields a maximum discharge of 0.927 m³/s in December and a minimum discharge of 0.004 m³/s in August. In addition to the analysis results, this journal also presents sample calculations using both methods. Based on the findings, the NRECA method is considered more suitable for application in small island areas with limited data and complex hydrogeological conditions.

Simulation of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Improving the Efficiency of PV Systems Using MATLAB

Muhammad Risky arman — 2025-09-09

Solar Power Plants (SPP) are one of the main solutions in the utilisation of renewable energy. However, their efficiency is often hampered by the variability of solar radiation and ambient temperature. To overcome this, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology is required so that solar panels always operate at the maximum power point (MPP). This study develops a Mamdani fuzzy logic-based MPPT system using MATLAB Simulink on a 10 WP PLTS prototype. The fuzzy algorithm is designed with two inputs, namely power and voltage, and one output in the form of a PWM signal to regulate energy conversion efficiency. Five test scenarios were conducted with different input combinations to compare the results of MATLAB simulations and manual calculations using the centroid weighted average method. The results show that the difference between simulation and manual calculations ranges from 1 to 11 PWM units (average <5%), with output classification remaining consistent in the Low, Medium, and High categories. This demonstrates that the Mamdani fuzzy manual method is valid and reliable as an adaptive control solution for PLTS systems. This implementation is expected to significantly improve energy conversion efficiency and support the achievement of national clean energy targets.

Financial Feasibility Analysis of Asphalt Mixing Plant Investment: A Case Study in Gianyar Regency, Bali

I Wayan Putra Jayantara — 2025-09-09

The availability of adequate road infrastructure is crucial for supporting mobility and regional economic growth. In Indonesia, increasing demand for high-performance roads has driven a transition from penetration macadam to hot mix asphalt (HMA). To meet this demand efficiently, reliable production facilities such as Asphalt Mixing Plants (AMP) are essential. This study aims to evaluate the financial feasibility of an AMP investment located in Pering Village, Blahbatuh District, Gianyar Regency, Bali. The analysis uses five financial indicators: Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Break Even Point (BEP), and Annual Equivalent (AE). Financial data were collected from the company’s records of hotmix production and sales during the 2014–2020 period. The results indicate that the AMP project is financially viable. The NPV is Rp. 33.421.961.979, the IRR is 18% higher than the Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR) of 16%—while the BEP was achieved in the 7th month of 2015. The AE value reached Rp. 4.774.565.997 per year, and the BCR was calculated at 1,244. These findings confirm that the investment is profitable and worth pursuing. This study provides practical insights for investors and stakeholders in making data-driven decisions for infrastructure investments, particularly in the road construction sector. Furthermore, the findings are relevant for long-term AMP business development, considering the growing demand for HMA in Indonesia. The shift from penetration macadam to HMA underscores the importance of efficient asphalt production facilities to ensure consistent supply and support sustainable infrastructure development.

Design and Build Thermo Electric Hybrid Power Plant as AGL CBT Laboratory Backup Power Supply

Raihan Prameswahra Erlangga — 2025-09-11

The demand for reliable and environmentally friendly electricity supply has driven the development of more efficient backup power systems. This study aims to design and construct a hybrid power generation installation that combines thermoelectric generators and solar panels as a backup power solution. The system utilizes solar radiation and temperature disparity as primary energy sources, which are then converted into electrical energy and stored in a 200 Ah LiFePO4 battery. The design stages include the selection of key components such as thermoelectric modules, 100 Wp solar panels, maximum power point trackers, battery controllers, and inverters. Simulations and tests were carried out to analyze the system’s performance under the climatic conditions of Medan City. The test results indicate that power can be continuously generated from these two energy sources, providing a stable backup electricity supply. With a modular and efficient structure, this system has the potential to serve as a sustainable energy source that reduces dependence on fossil fuels. This design also holds promise as a prototype for educational purposes and a rapid solution during power outages.