THE ROLE OF THE 18 ASIAN GAME IN THE PEACE OF THE KOREAN PENINSULA

This journal examines the role of the 18th Asia Game as a diplomatic tool in the Korean peninsula conflict in 2018, specifically in promoting peace on the Korean Peninsula. Th is journal aims to describe and analyze the effectiveness of sports or Olympics affiliated with the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) as a unifying tool in pushing for reunification opportunities on the Korean Peninsula. The 18th Asian Games, on the other hand, has played an essential role in uniting North and South Korea into one unit under the same flag in a variety of ways that have had a positive impact on peace between the two countries. This study employs qualitative research methods, such as literature review and triangulation, to collect data. A descriptive-analytical approach was used to collect and analyze data. This study's analysis employs sports diplomacy theory to examine the effectiveness of sports in resolving conflicts on the Korean Peninsula. Because the current state of the Korean peninsula has not entirely resulted in the ideals of the two countries' reunification, the theory of sports diplomacy The Role Of The 18..... Nadia Amalia Khusna Abdul Rodhi, Arie Kusuma Paksi JURNAL ILMIAH DINAMIKA SOSIAL 5 (2) 2021 | 46 can identify the factors that support the reduced intensity of the Korean Peninsula's cold war. One of the factors is the role of sport as a tool of sports diplomacy, which has increased opportunities for promoting peace and conflict resolution to reach a peace agreement between the two parties and eventually lead to reunification.


BACKGROUND
The Asian Games is the largest sports event in the Asian continent which was first organized by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA). This sporting event is held every four years with athletes from all over Asia. The Asian Games aim to unite the countries on the Asian continent after World War II and make the nations on the Asian continent have a new world order according to the aspirations and desires of each country. The first host and the Asian Games were held for the first time in 1951, which took place in India, and South Korea had hosted the Asian Games twice, namely in 2002, which took place in Busan and 2014 in Incheon, while North Korea has never hosted the Asian Game event.
The event was organized by the Asian Games Federation (AGF) from the first games in New Delhi, India, from 1951 to 1978. Since 1982 the organization shifted to OCA after the AGF disbanded. The Asian Games are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and are described as the second multi-sport event after the Olympics. The symbol of the Asian Games is the sixteen-pointed sun which is the official logo of the Asian Games and is affixed to the logo of the Asian Olympic Council.
When World War II ended with the defeat of Japan, the entire Korean population wanted the formation of a unified, independent state, but instead, what happened was the division of Korea as a result of the Cold War between the Eastern and Western blocs. The division of the Korean State into two and the establishment of separate governments in the South and North eventually led to a civil war, namely the Korean war (1950)(1951)(1952)(1953). The Korean War was a by-product of the ideological conflict within the country and was considered a war that represented the conflict between the Western and Eastern Blocs.
The Korean Peninsula is an area located in Northeast Asia which has historically been an important area in the region as an area that connects Northeast Asia with the outside world. Korea's geographical position has made Korea historically crucial from a strategic point of view. The Korean Peninsula is located in the middle of three major countries, namely Japan, China, and Russia. JURNAL ILMIAH DINAMIKA SOSIAL 5 (2) 2021 | 47 On June 25, 1950, a war began between South Korea supported by the United States and North Korea funded by the Soviet Union. At that time, 75,000 North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel between the two countries. In July 1950, in the first era of the Cold War, American troops started a war on behalf of South Korea and against the forces of international communism.
After conducting several battles, anxiety arose from the American camp, which then devised a plan to carry out a kind of ceasefire with North Korea because the United States was worried that this war would get bigger and involve ruling countries such as Russia and China so that it gave the potential to become a World War III. Until July 1953, the Korean War ended in a short time, but this war had a profound impact and scars because the victims of this war were far more than in World War II.
However, the end of the arms war between the two countries has not entirely stopped the conflict because the two countries still have a high level of sensitivity to each other. The battle on the Korean Peninsula continues to experience ebb and flow to this day. The focus of this study is to explain the role of the18th Asian Games in enhancing peace on the Korean Peninsula?

Sport Diplomacy
Diplomacy is an effort to carry out an activity in the form of ways in which the state, through officially appointed representatives, conducts a dialogue in a meeting with the coordination of one actor with another actor, or more than two actors who have specific interests and strive to achieve it. These activities take the form of private talks by exchanging views, approaches, visits, and often even threats and other related activities. Diplomacy has a close relationship with foreign policy because diplomacy is the implementation of foreign policy carried out by trained official officials. In many countries, foreign policy is designed and formulated by the minister of foreign affairs and the ministry of foreign affairs staff. The implementation of bilateral diplomacy and Unilateral action is generally carried out by diplomats and representatives stationed abroad and in international organizations.
In addition, according to Barston, the definition of diplomacy is the management of relations between countries or between countries and other international relations actors. A description in which diplomacy represents political, economic, and military pressure on countries involved in diplomatic activities, formulated in the exchange of requests and concessions between the negotiators "to achieve their national interests.
In expansion, Sports Diplomacy is additionally utilized by numerous nations as a delicate control for progressing universal relations by advancing intelligence and compromise and indeed avoiding conflict. One of them is that China and the United States joined together, which employments ping pong strategy. In December 1972, a report from the Télévision Suisse Romande, entitled "l'amitiésino-Suisse," related the visit of ten Chinese ping-pong players (men and ladies) in Switzerland. Curiously, this visit was organized one year after the celebrated visit to China by the Joined United States ping-pong (table tennis) group. The way is better known as the scene of "ping-pong diplomacy." These demonstration games made a difference in setting up contact between two nations with no conciliatory relations.
Sports Diplomacy is defined as representative and diplomatic activities carried out by sports actors through sporting events facilitated by the state to attract attention, provide information, and form an excellent image to achieve a country's foreign policy goals. Sports diplomacy is carried out with the participation of sports actors and the government, where the government of a country usually organizes international sporting events through a negotiation process. In international sports competitions, athletes who compete carry their country's name and become government representatives in the sporting event. Through sports diplomacy, a country gets the opportunity to improve its image, status, and economy at the international level, and also as a tool to spread a political message. Also, Barry Sanders argues that Sport as Public Diplomacy is a strong and great instrument in the mission to create a good reputation in international relations, disseminate information, and be the core of public diplomacy.
On the other hand, sport is also considered the most widely used forum by many countries because it is very effective in creating positive messages behind implementing a sports competition. Sport is also used as a strategy for well-planned public diplomacy to provide significant opportunities and results to achieve the interests of the state through sports. Sports diplomacy is also a reflection of international instruments and the concept of Soft Power. Sport is considered very effective in achieving national interest s because sports diplomacy uses massive, peaceful, and civilized ways.

RESEARCH METHOD
A descriptive approach and a qualitative study strategy were utilized to explain the phenomenon in more elements in the case of The

The History of Asian Game
The Asian Game is a regional sport formed by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) for male and female athletes for Asian countries in collaboration with the International Olympic Committee. Besides that, the Asian Game is also known to have another name, In addition, all countries also have the opportunity to introduce their country through sports diplomacy to gain a good reputation in the international world. Therefore, this sports diplomacy has a considerable impact on the countries that implement it. Thus, making sports competitions always have great value for countries that can give a good image to their country or countries that can win an international sports competition.

The Act of Asian Game ke-18 to Defuse in Korean Peninsula Conflict
As we know, the prolonged conflict between North and South Korea has always attracted the attention of the world community. The two countries have a history that can be said to be related to each other. These two countries are also located in the same region, namely the Asian Continent. In addition, North and South Korea are registered in the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA). Thus, these two countries have the right to participate in the Asian Games, which is the largest sports competition in Asia pioneered by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA). The Asian Game is one of the very prestigious competitions globally because it is participated by all countries on the Asian continent. The Asian Game is the 2nd largest sports competition after the Olympics, so this prestigious sporting event always attracts the world's attention.
JURNAL ILMIAH DINAMIKA SOSIAL 5 (2) 2021 | 53 After the Asian Game competition, North Korea participated as a participant, and South Korea, which also played a role as a participating country, was elected several times.
As the host of Asian Games, the Korean Peninsula conflict not only occurs in the military realm, but problems between the two countries also occur in this competition, where there is a trust issue between the two countries shows that the relationship between the two countries is always in horizontal conflict. However, an unforgettable moment occurred when the 18th Asian game was held. The Asian Game, which has a mission to build peace on the Asian continent, carried out its mission successfully even though it only had a temporary nature: to unite North and South Korea into a single unit, namely Korea. Therefore, this research will Korean team will participate in six agendas that the competition and three sports will hold. In addition, the siege of North Korea and South Korea as Korean teams produced a very historic result. In the 500 meters, the Korean boat team consisting of 16 mixed athletes won the gold medal for the first time in the history of the Korean team in the Asian Game.
Third, supporters play an essential role in a sports competition and cannot be separated from symbolizing a competition, especially sports. The central part of supporters in a match is to encourage the team when competing. If supporters do not attend a game, it will feel empty. Supporters decorate a game with movement, singing, and various variations.
These fans find happiness by supporting their favorite team all out while meeting their need for satisfaction that cannot be done alone. In its development, the supporters who cheerlead for the team and enliven the match can sometimes change. The chants that were sung gradually turned into an arena for harassing each other. Therefore, supporters on the field will certainly make players feel like they get new energy from the fans.
Organizing sports competitions instills sports values such as sportsmanship and contributes to increasing unity, unity, and peace between nations. Just as when the unification of the Korean Peninsula into one team in the 18th Asian game created a positive atmosphere for both countries' supporters by joining together to support the Korean team. Certainly made the atmosphere between the two countries better as if no conflict had happened before between them. The two supporters came together hand in hand to make Korea their country.
This moment was touching.
Apart from the role of the Asian Games in helping to ease the civil conflict on the Korean Peninsula and increasing the chances of peace for both countries, North Korea and South Korea have extreme horizontal competition. So that all elements and aspects used to realize the peace mission will not last long or even fail.

CONCLUSION
The conflict between North and South Korea became one of the longest-running conflicts in modern history. The efforts made frequently harmed relations between the two countries and, in some cases, worsened the situation until a historic moment occurred in 2018 when the two countries joined forces under the same flag as the Korean team during the 18th Asian Games sports competition. Of course, the incident drew worldwide attention and positively impacted the image of the two countries. Following the successful merger of the two countries in the Asian Game, the relationship between the two countries appears stable and can improve with some cooperation. Unfortunately, the conflict resurfaced after two years of the two countries attempting to improve their relations.
North Korea-South Korea relations have always piqued the world's interest in various areas, including the economy, military, culture, diplomacy, and others. Among these aspects, the diplomatic relations between the two countries are the focus of this research. As we all know, the two countries have high sensitivities, resulting in horizontal conflicts on the Korean Peninsula. The union of North and South Korea in the 18th Asian game is the most critical step toward resolving the conflict. The reason for this is that, following the merger, the conditions for peaceful diplomatic relations emerged. As a result, sports diplomacy has been used successfully to defuse conflict on the Korean Peninsula.
In addition, the treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union ( Russia ). I hope that the governments of North and South Korea will continue to work together to find a solution to the conflict. Because, in the current situation, finding a point of agreement between the two countries is extremely difficult. Furthermore, with the existence of international forums and competitions held each year, I hope this can be used as a peace intermediary between the two countries. The role of other countries, particularly the United States and the Soviet Union, can also end the conflict on the Korean Peninsula. As a result, I hope that this journal will serve as a resource for people interested in learning about the importance of the 18th Asian game as a sports diplomacy tool for resolving conflicts and bringing about peace on the Korean Peninsula.